Panglima Lidah Hitam Bapa Seni Silat Lintau Malaysia

BAGI pengunjung Pulau Besar Melaka pasti tertanya-tanya kewujudan peninggalan batu yang kononnya dipecahkan dengan lidah seorang panglima pada zaman dulu dikenali Panglima Lidah Hitam.

Batu Belah itu adalah sebuah batu besar setinggi tiga meter dan mempunyai rekahan di tengahnya selebar kira-kira 35 sentimeter (sm) dengan kedalaman 1.5 meter adalah hasil belahan lidah panglima berkenaan.

BATU yang didakwa timbul di atas kedudukan kepala di makam Panglima Lidah Hitam.

Sehingga kini, belum dapat disahkan adakah rekahan batu itu disebabkan kekuatan lidah Panglima Lidah Hitam atau sebaliknya? Apa yang menarik, panglima gagah berani itu memang diakui wujud dan memberi sumbangan besar dalam mempertahankan kedaulatan negara pada abad ke-16.

Beliau memberi sumbangan besar dengan turut berperang menentang ancaman lanun sehingga meragut nyawanya.

Jenazahnya dikebumikan di Kampung Parit Sakai, Jalan Joned, Muar, Johor dan pada bumbung makam jelas tertulis “PANGLIMA LIDAH HITAM, BAPAK SENI SILAT LINTAU DI MALAYA”.

Panglima Lidah Hitam atau nama sebenarnya Baginda Zahiruddin dipercayai berasal dari Padang Pariaman, Minangkabau, Sumatera, Indonesia.

Menurut sejarah, beliau adalah orang pertama memperkenalkan silat Lintau di Indonesia dan seterusnya di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu pada abad ke-16.

Ketika dalam perjalanan ke Makkah untuk menunaikan haji, beliau singgah di Padang (nama asal kawasan Parit Sakai hingga ke Parit Jamil). Disebabkan cuaca buruk, beliau tinggal agak lama di Padang sementara menanti perubahan musim angin yang lebih baik sebelum meneruskan pelayaran.

Di Padang, beliau bertemu Orang Kaya Bauk, pemerintah Padang ketika itu. Orang Kaya Bauk meminta pertolongannya mengajar seni silat Lintau kepada anak muda di kawasan itu kerana kemahiran beliau dalam seni mempertahankan diri.

Secara kebetulan, pada masa itu lanun bermaharajalela di Selat Melaka. Orang Kaya Bauk meminta bantuan Panglima Lidah Hitam untuk menghapuskan ancaman lanun yang dikatakan mengganggu aktiviti penduduk setempat.

Pada 1716, satu pertempuran hebat berlaku di muara Sungai Muar antara angkatan Padang dengan kumpulan lanun yang berlanjutan selama beberapa hari. Akhirnya angkatan Padang berjaya menumpaskan sebahagian besar kumpulan lanun terbabit.

Kejayaan itu tidak sempat diraikan Panglima Lidah Hitam apabila kapal yang dinaikinya karam selepas diserang saki baki kumpulan lanun berkenaan.

Beliau dan beberapa pengiringnya lemas, namun kematiannya tidak disedari pengikutnya yang ketika itu sedang bertempur untuk menghapuskan saki baki lanun.

Sehinggalah selepas beberapa hari tamat bertempur, seorang penduduk Parit Sakai ternampak dua mayat terapung dan tersangkut pada pokok Tuak di kuala parit berkenaan. Oleh kerana pada masa itu senja, mayat itu dibiarkan tanpa diusik.

Keesokan harinya, barulah penduduk kampung datang mengambil mayat terbabit ke darat. Satu daripada mayat itu mempunyai lidah yang panjang berwarna hitam dan berbulu. Anehnya mayat ini tidak busuk dan reput walaupun sudah beberapa lama berada di dalam laut.

Jenazah berlidah hitam itu dimakamkan di tepi Parit Sakai. Difahamkan, selepas dimakamkan, satu perkara ganjil berlaku pada keesokannya.

Penduduk mendakwa satu tumbuhan batu timbul di atas kedudukan kepala makam berkenaan yang berbentuk lidah dan berwarna hitam cerah. Sebelum ini, penduduk dikatakan meletakkan batu nisan kayu di kepala makam tetapi dilaporkan hilang dan tumbuh pula batu di tempat sama.

Apabila malam bulan purnama, batu itu akan bertukar warna menjadi hitam pekat. Disebabkan keganjilan yang berlaku di makam itu, ia dianggap keramat oleh penduduk dan dipanggil “Keramat Lidah Hitam”.

Penduduk dikatakan membalut kain kuning pada batu yang berbentuk lidah itu sebagai menghormati sumbangannya kepada penduduk setempat dalam mengekalkan keamanan.

Menteri Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan ketika itu, Datuk Samad Idris pernah melawat dan merasmikan bangunan baru makam Lidah Hitam pada 1977.

FAKTA

Panglima Lidah Hitam

*Nama sebenarnya ialah Baginda Zahiruddin.

*Berasal dari Padang Pariaman, Minangkabau, Sumatera, Indonesia.

*Orang pertama perkenalkan silat Lintau di Indonesia dan seterusnya di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu pada abad ke-16.

*Nama asal Parit Sakai hingga Parit Jamil, Muar dikenali sebagai Padang.

*Pertempuran angkatan Panglima Lidah Hitam dan kumpulan lanun berlaku di muara Sungai Muar pada 1716

*Menteri Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan, Datuk Samad Idris pernah melawat dan merasmikan bangunan baru makam Panglima Lidah Hitam pada 1977.

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makam 7BERADIK pulau besar melaka..

Tujuh beradik yang dimaksudkan ialah tujuh orang bersaudara seperguruan. Mereka ini berasal dari Palembang. Mereka telah datang ke Pulau Besar dengan satu tujuan untuk mengembangkan ilmu persilatan. Setelah diteliti melalui firasat bahawa Pulau Besar ini sesuai untuk dijadikan penempatan dan mengembangkan ilmu persilatan maka mereka membuat keputusan memecahkan dinding kapal mereka untuk dibuat dinding rumah.

Mereka mempunyai ramai pengikut dari seluruh nusantara. Tujuh bersaudara ini mempunyai ilmu yang sangat tinggi iaitu ilmu dunia dan akhirat. Sepanjang hidup mereka, ramai orang datang untuk mendapatkan pertolongan darinya dan apa yang berlaku adalah dengan keizinan daripada Allah swt.

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makam HANG TUAH sebenar

“Saya juga mempunyai bukti Hang Tuah mati di Palembang kerana sakit tua. “Kubur Hang Tuah yang ada di Tanjung Kling sekarang bukannya kubur Hang Tuah tetapi milik seorang ulama Islam berasal dari Gujerat, India

Edisi Nasional: Cucu Hang Tuah Oleh Yusri Abdul Malek dan Mohd Yatim Latif am@hmetro.com.my

MELAKA: Seorang lelaki, Ismail Mohamed Yaacob, 40, mendakwa sebagai generasi ke-12 keturunan Laksamana Hang Tuah yang terkenal kerana kesetiaan dan jasa kepada beberapa sultan Melaka sepanjang sejarah Kesultanan Melayu Melaka sebelum 1511.

Ismail yang lahir dan menetap di Singapura mendakwa mempunyai bukti iaitu dua gelang tangan yang dikatakan dipakai Hang Tuah dan berusia lebih 500 tahun serta manuskrip tulisan tangan Hikayat Hang Tuah yang ditulis Tun Kulah atau Kola yang juga sepupu Hang Tuah.

Gelang berkenaan yang didakwa bertatah batu petir dipercayai disimpan turun-temurun dan diwarisinya hingga kini. “Pendedahan mengenai keturunan Hang Tuah ini bukan mempunyai apa-apa kepentingan tetapi saya cuma mahu generasi hari ini tahu bahawa cerita Hang Tuah adalah benar dan bukan rekaan atau dongeng,” katanya ketika ditemui.

Ismail berkata, semua keturunannya tinggal di Kampung Sungai Duyong, di sini, sejak zaman-berzaman tetapi pada sekitar 1940-an, bapanya, Muhamad Yaacob Abdullah terpaksa melarikan diri ke Singapura selepas diburu komunis yang mengganas ketika itu. Menurutnya, disebabkan sayangkan generasinya, dia sendiri menjalankan kajian terperinci berhubung salasilah dan susur-galur Hang Tuah bagi membuktikan Hang Tuah benar-benar hidup ketika zaman kesultanan Melayu Melaka.

“Saya akui terdapat 11 versi cerita Laksamana Hang Tuah yang berbeza disebabkan tiada pihak mahu mengkajinya secara mendalam. “Saya juga mempunyai bukti Hang Tuah mati di Palembang kerana sakit tua.

“Kubur Hang Tuah yang ada di Tanjung Kling sekarang bukannya kubur Hang Tuah tetapi milik seorang ulama Islam berasal dari Gujerat, India. “Semua ini diceritakan dari generasi ke generasi dan ia fakta sejarah. Jika benar dalam Sejarah Melayu mengatakan Hang Tuah mati di Tanjung Kling, kenapa penduduk sekitar yang tinggal di situ menafikan fakta itu.

“Penduduk yang tinggal di Tanjung Kling sejak turun-temurun sudah pasti tahu kubur siapa yang ada di kampung mereka berdasarkan cerita dari mulut ke mulut,” katanya. Ismail juga mendakwa mempunyai bukti bergambar bahawa makam Hang Tuah ada di Palembang.

Begitu juga makam Hang Lekir, Lekiu dan Kasturi yang didakwa masih ada di Bintan, Kepulauan Riau. Menurutnya, dia sudah menjual manuskrip asal Hikayat Hang Tuah kepada Perpustakaan Negara sekitar 1990-an dengan harga RM20,000.

“Naskhah itu diakui asli oleh Perpustakaan Negara dan kini sedang dipulihara,” katanya. Katanya, dia juga pernah berjumpa pihak Perbadanan Muzium Melaka (Perzim) berhubung dakwaan itu tetapi Perzim tidak mengambil langkah untuk meneliti atau menyiasatnya.

“Saya berharap sejarah ini dikaji semula demi generasi akan datang dan saya sedia bekerjasama dengan Perzim,” katanya.

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makam HANG JEBAT yang sebenar.

Setelah Hang Jebat di tikam,di ceritakan 3 hari 3 malam beliau mengamuk dan membunoh PEMBODEK SULTAN, Sultan Mansor lari ke Kelang iaitu rumah asal Tun Perak..Tun Perak adalah penghulu Kelang.Setelah Hang Jebat meninggal dunia, di kata kan mayat nya di bawa lari olih Dang Wangi / Baru / Inang sih ke arah Pulau Besar !!!. Kenapa Pulau Besar ????. Disana bapa Dang Wangi masih ada dan hidup lagi !!!! Siapa kah dia bapa Dang Wangi. Bapa nya ialah Maulana Sayyid Thanaudin !!!. Pulau Besar di buka dan di majukan olih Datuk Adi Putra dan kelurga nya !!!. Dang Wangi meng kubur kan Jenazah Hang Jebat di hujung Pulau…kalau masa dulu…jauh di hujong kampong !!!.Dang Wangi memang berkeluarga dengan Maulana Ishaq dan semua penduduk di Pulau itu.Dang Wangi pangkat nenek saudara bagi Maulana Ishaq bin Sayyid Ibrahim Asmoro bin Sayyid Husin Jamdil Kubra.Dang Wangi binti Sayyid Thanaudin bin Amir Sayyid Syah Jalaludin. Sayyid Thanaudin dan Sayyid Husin adalah adik beradik !!!. Di Pulau ini berkumpul nya keturunan Maulana Sayyid Husin Jamadil Kubra.Isteri Maulana Ishaq iaitu Syarifah Siti Fatimah binti Sayyid Ali Nurul Alam,juga cucu kepada Sayyid Thanaudin.

Selepas Sultan Mansor balik ke kota Melaka, baginda insaf atas kekhilafan nya membunoh Hang Jebat dan atas nasihat Tun Perak, baginda tahu ada udang di balik mee, kenapa kah Hang Tuah dan Hang Jebat MESTI DI MUSNAH KAN !!!!. Setelah itu baginda mengarahkan supaya mayat Hang Jebat di kebumikan di Kampung Kuli, seorang pun tidak tahu dimana kah mayat Hang Jebat di kebumikan….. sangat di rahsiakan !!!. Makam yang di Kampong Kuli adalah makam Peringatan !!!. Peristiwa sebenar banyak di seleweng kan olih Pembesar yang benci kepada Hang Tuah dan Hang Jebat. Bertambah pula yang men DOMINAN perintahan Kesultanan Melaka ialah Orang Tamil Muslim. Mereka yang membunoh Sultan Abu Syahid, menyuroh bunoh Hang Tuah, meracun Sultan Alaudin dan mendidik Sultan Mahmud menjadi ‘GILA PEREMPUAN’. Dan mereka juga yang menjadi Pembelot bila Melaka di serang Portugis !!!.

Di Jalan Gelenggang itu di katakan Makam Hang Kasturi. Jika baca Sejarah Cina, yang menderhaka adalah Hang Kasturi dan Sejarah Melayu mengatakan yang derhaka ialah Hang Jebat…. Dalam Sejarah Melayu di tulis begini…. ”Maka bangkai Hang Jebat pun di tarik orang lah ke laut, maka segala anak bini nya semua habis di umbut (di halau) datang kepada kaki tiang dan tanah bekas rumah habis di gali di buang ke laut “. Apa kah makna dari tulisan ini ?. Bermakna TIDAK MUNGKIN MAKAM HANG JEBAT DI BINA DEKAT DENGAN ISTANA MELAKA !!!. Mayat nya di buang ke laut….. dan sangat betul lah CERITA ORANG TUA TUA, mengatakan Mayat Hang Jebat di bawa lari, entah kemana….di makan jaws ker atau buaya…. telah saya kata kan kisah ini SANGAT DI RAHSIAKAN !!!… Kalau Sultan Mansur ada hidup lagi…. aku pun kena, kerana MEMBUKA RAHSIA !!!. Nasib baik Sultan Mansor dah lama meninggal dunia…. makam nya di Puncak Bukit Cina. Di kelilingi kubur Cina !!!!.

Secara peribadi saya tuliskan… jika seorang itu benar benar DERHAKA PADA ALLAH DAN RASUL NYA, makam nya tidak akan di kunjungi Manusia !!!. Tetapi Makam Hang Jebat ( di kata kan saja) di Pulau Besar hampir setiap masa DI KUNJUNGI !!! Berbeza dengan Makam Hang Jebat (di Kampong Kuli ). Makam Sultan yang Agung…. di kelilingi kubur Cina… Fikir fikir kan bib, Allah swt lah yang maha Tahu segala gala nya, dan ALLAH swt juga lah YANG MENARIK HATI HATI MANUSIA SUPAYA MENGUNJUNGI MAKAM MAKAM PARA WALI DAN SYUHADA DI PULAU besar !!!!.

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sejarah batu bersurat terengganu

Agak aneh dan pelik kenapa Batu Bersurat yang mengandungi ayat Qur’an serta tulisan aturcara itu telah di gunakan sebagai alas kaki guna membasuh kaki di Masjid Kampung Buloh dimana ianya di gunakan. Mengikut beberapa sebab yang di ceritakan oleh penduduk tempatan bahawa semasa Batu Bersurat itu di jumpai, ianya telah bersalut dengan selaput batu luaran dan hanya setelah sekian lama ianya di gunakan, saluran batu luaran itu terhakis sedikit demi sedikit sehinggalah menampakan tulisan di atasnya. Sebab lain yang di berikan adalah bahawa para penduduk tidak dapat membaca atau memahami tulisan jawi yang kebanyakannya mengandungi bahasa jawa kuno sehinggalah ianya di terjemahkan oleh pihak kerajaan Inggeris.


‘......Pada tahun 1902, Saiyed Husin Ghulam al Bukhari singgah di masjid Kampong Buloh untuk menunaikan sembahyang zohor. Bila sampai di masjid. Saiyed Husin ternampak setongkol batu bertulis dengan tulisan jawi terletak di tangga masjid digunakan untuk pelapik tempat orang membasuh kaki. Selepas sembahyang, Saiyed Husin meminta Penghulu Ali bin Sulaiman dan bilal masjid membawa batu itu ke perahu untuk di persembahkan kepada Sultan Zainal Abidin III.’ (Catatan Mohd Zabidi Haji Saidi – Hulu Terengganu Menuju Keemasan) 

Hasil dari pendapat ini, timbul pendapat yang mengatakan bahawa Batu Bersurat yang di tuliskan itu berasal dari Tanah Jawa dan di tulis oleh orang jawa. Sekiranya pendapat ini benar, dengan sendirinya akan menyingkirkan pendapat bahawa Batu Bersurat itu di bawa dari negeri Cina kerana kandungan bahasa yang di gunakan itu. 

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13 MAY

Commemorating 13 Mei 1969

A lot of factors at play. Events like 'Peristiwa 13 Mei', 'Rwandan Genocide', Darfur Genocide', 'Balkan War' and 'Kosovo Ehtnic Cleansing' doesnt just happen overnight.
It is important for the Govt of the day to recognise that everyone in the community, regardless of their ethnic origin and economic background be treated equally in freedom, justice and economic terms.

'Peristiwa 13 Mei' happened largely because there is general feeing among the Malay populace that they are being left behind economically. So the tension already simmering to some degree. Then, in General Election of 1969, the Malays lost their political power in Selangor, Pulau Pinang and Melaka? (Is that right?)
It is true that so called 'Malay thugs' went overboard and run amok. But thugs or terrorist are just definition. Someone may be viewed as a terrrorist by Bush, but he/she may be a freedom fighter to another. Doesnt Osama being idolised in Pakistan and Afghanistan?
Mau Mau guerillas in Kenya were terrorists, so does Robert Mugabe's fighters, but today they run their respective countries and call themselves freedom fighters and nationalists.

Let us remind ourselves and the Government that we SHOULD NOT leave a group of people in our society as underclass and poor. Economic pie shall be fairly distributed in our society, and this does not mean, distribution by so called 'racial measure' alone. We all contribute in our nation, whether we work as 'petani', 'tukang sapu sampah' or CEO of a multinational.
It is sad that today, 50 years after Merdeka, we still retain colonial attitudes that petani and tukang sapu sampah as lowly. Status and prestige are measured by our ability to extract the most from society (gaji besar).
We as a nation should move together.
Higher wages for low income workers in a good start.

This article is from Malaysiakini.

What actually happened during the 1969 tragedy 
May 11, 07 1:11pm

The series of events surrounding the 'May 13' riot has been documented by Dr Kua Kia Soong in his latest book May 13: Declassified Documents on the Malaysian Riots of 1969 which will be launched on Sunday in conjunction with the 38th anniversary of the tragedy.

This compilation, based on various sets of foreign dispatches and confidential reports at the time - which were declassified recently and made available at the Public Records Office in London - has been dubbed as the first credible account on the incident.

“The real circumstances surrounding the worst racial riot in the history of Malaysia have so far not been made available to the Malaysian public. The official version is fraught with contradictions and inadequacies to which few pay credence,” Kua wrote in the book.

Below are excerpts and summary of the chronology of events based on the declassified documents taken from Kua’s book:

May 10:

The ruling Alliance Party suffered a major setback in the general election although it had managed to retain a simple parliamentary majority. They had lost Penang to the Gerakan Party; Kelantan to the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party while Perak and Selangor were at the brink of falling into the opposition’s hands.

May 11 and May 12:

On both nights, the opposition celebrated their victory. A large Gerakan procession was held to welcome the left-wing Gerakan leader V David back from winning the federal seat in Penang.

May 13:

The MCA which had suffered badly at the polls, announced that it would withdraw from the cabinet while remaining within the Alliance.

A dispatch from a foreign correspondent showed it is evident that there was a plan for youths mobilised by Umno elements to assemble at then Selangor menteri besar Harun Idris’ residence in the late afternoon. A retaliatory march had been planned although police permission was withheld.

When people were still assembling for the parade, trouble broke out in the nearby Malay section of Kampung Baru, where two Chinese lorries were burnt. The ensuing carnage at Kampung Baru and Batu Road quickly spread elsewhere in Kuala Lumpur.

The foreign correspondent noted the curfew that was imposed was not fairly applied to all.

“In the side streets off Jalan Hale, I could see bands of Malay youths armed with parangs and sharpened bamboo spears assembled in full view of troops posted at road junctions. Meanwhile, at Batu Road, a number of foreign correspondents saw members of the Royal Malay Regiment firing into Chinese shophouses for no apparent reason.”

Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman immediately attributed the violence as triggered off by the behaviour of opposition supporters after the election result announcement while his deputy Tun Abdul Razak pinned the blame on the communists.

May 14:

The riots continued but on a smaller scale. The curfew was only lifted in staggered hours in various districts to allow people to buy food. The police called out all possible reserves and handed over the northern part of the city to the army.

Police put casualties for the previous night incident at 44 killed and about 150 injured. Another dispatch showed the casualties were mainly Chinese as it stated that out of 77 corpses in the morgue of the General Hospital on May 14, at least 60 were Chinese.

The government’s attempts to blame the communists for the riots were however not taken seriously by the officials at the British High Commission (BHC) who could see that the Tunku was not prepared to blame his own people for the riots, nor was he going to blame it on the Chinese “as a whole”.

May 15:

The King proclaimed a state of emergency. The National Operations Council headed by Tun Razak was formed. Tun Razak was still responsible to the Tunku, but all the powers under Emergency Regulations were vested in him.

The curfew had been lifted temporarily in Kuala Lumpur that morning but the situation had rapidly worsened and more sporadic fighting had broken out. Curfews were re-imposed but food was very short.

The local press was suspended until censorship regulations could be drawn up but no attempt was made to supervise reports sent out by foreign correspondents.

May 16:

The situation was still tense in Selangor with cars and houses being burned and fatalities rising. Death tolls had risen to 89 with over 300 injured. 24 hour curfew remained in force in Selangor and had also been imposed in Malacca. In Penang and Perak, the situation had improved although the curfew remained in force.

Tunku made a broadcast in which he announced the setting up of a National Defence Force to be manned by volunteers. The new information minister Hamzah Abu Samah and Tun Razak gave a press conference pinning the blame for the riots on communist infiltration of the opposition parties.

There were reports of looting by the largely Malay military and their bias against the Chinese Malaysians. Number of refugees were increasing.

May 17: 

From a BHC telegram, it showed there were skepticism among British officers toward the official figures for fatalities and the preponderance of Chinese casualties among the dead. The police estimated the deaths at about 100 now while British officers estimated the proportion of Chinese to Malay casualties is about 85:15.

The press censorship invited criticism not only from the local press but also in diplomatic circles especially when official statements lacked clarity and credibility.

In a confidential BHC memorandum to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), the coup d’etat has been acknowledged and it has effected the transfer of power not only to “Malay hands” but also to the security forces. The latter’s professionalism is questioned.

The BHC also noted the Federal Reserve Unit, which at the time was multiracial in composition, was the more impartial of the security forces while the Malay troops were discriminatory in enforcing the curfew.

“Discriminatory takes the form, for example, of not, repeat not, enforcing the curfew in one of the most violently disposed of the Malay areas in Kuala Lumpur (Kampung Baru) where Malays armed with parangs, etc continue to circulate freely; with the inevitable result that gangs slip through the cordon round the area and attack Chinese outside it. In Chinese areas, the curfew is strictly enforced.”

May 18:

The Tunku qualified his earlier assertion that the disturbances were caused by communists, putting the blame instead on assorted “bad elements”. He also announced the deferment of the Sarawak elections and the continuance of the restrictions on the movement of foreign journalists.

The situation was still unsettled in some parts of the capital city.

May 19: 

Less than a week after the riots, the reins of power had effectively passed to Tun Razak, indicating that there had been a plot to bring about the coup d’etat.

“The exact relationship between Tun Razak and the Tunku is not clear. In public Tun Razak says he is directly responsible to the Tunku but he has made it clear privately that he is completely in charge of the country. This could mean the beginning of a process of withdrawal by the Tunku as an effective PM”.

There are some 10,000 reported refugees. The local press was allowed to publish under censorship while foreign journalists had their curfew passes withdrawn. Some opposition politicians were arrested.

May 20: 

In a meeting, an Australian High Commissioner had suggested the opposition leaders should be given a role as peace maker but Tun Razak and Ghazali Shafie were firmly against this. “They considered opposition leaders would simply use such an opportunity to promote their own political views.”

The Malaysian Red Cross Society is continuing its daily feeding programme for refugees in various places and over 5,000 had received food supplies.


May 21:

The official statistics of casualties at this juncture were 137 killed (18 Malays), 342 injured, 109 vehicles burned, 118 buildings destroyed and 2,912 persons arrested who were mostly curfew breakers.

May 23:

The declassified documents reveal that Malay troops were not only fraternising with the Malay thugs but were discharging their firearms indiscriminately at Chinese shophouses as they went through the city.

“When confronted by foreign correspondents with reports of racial discrimination, Tun Razak flatly denied them. Following this, curfew passes issued to foreign journalists were withdrawn and reporters were ordered to remain indoors ‘for their own safety’.”

A foreign correspondent’ s report showed the Malay hooligans were detested by the law-abiding Malays of Kampung Baru.

Internal security and home minister Tun Dr Ismail indicated that the Internal Security Act would be in future amended to “counter changing communist tactics”. It was disclosed that of the 3,699 arrested during the crisis, 952 were members of secret societies.

May 24: 
Law and order has been re-established in Kuala Lumpur and the atmosphere in the town had improved. People were going back to work (in non-curfew hours) and the government offices were limbering into action. The curfew remained in force (from 3pm to 6.30am of the following day). The government was not ready to admit that it was armed Malay youth who had caused the disturbances.

May 27:

The Tunku was under pressure to resign as he was clearly incensed by foreign journalists’ speculations about his weakening position and got his private secretary to write a protest note to the BHC.

May 28:

A confidential report by the BHC to the FCO on this day observed the government’s attempts to blame the communists for the disturbances were an attempt to justify their new authoritarian powers.

June:

The riots had been under control but they were still sporadic outbreaks of civil disturbances. A BHC report noted violence erupted again in one part of Kuala Lumpur on the night of June 28 and 29, a number of houses were burnt and the casualties were officially given as five killed and 25 injured. Some disturbances toward the end of June also involved ethnic Indians.

July:

Renewed trouble in which one policeman was killed was quickly stopped from spreading in Kuala Lumpur by positive police action.

Tun Ismail’s firm stand in ordering the security forces to act firmly ‘without favour or discrimination’ to any communal group and the Tunku’s announcement of a National Goodwill Committee made up of politicians of all parties went some way toward allaying the fears of the people.

Tun Ismail also revealed the total arrests since May now stood at 8,114, comprising people “from all the major racial groups”. Of these, 4,192 had been charged in court, 675 released on bail, 1,552 unconditionally released and 1,695 preventively detained.

Situation in the Peninsula had improved substantially but tension remains high in sensitive areas of Malacca, Perak and Selangor.

Tension had begun to ease until Malay agitation connected with Tunku’s return to a position of influence and the removal of Dr Mahathir Mohamad from Umno’s general committee on July 12 had heightened it again. Malay university students petitioned for Tunku’s resignation and demonstrated on the campus.
Unveiling the 'May 13' riots

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Biography - Lt. Adnan Saidi

Biography - Lt. Adnan Saidi
1915 - 1942
Infantry Officer, War Hero

By Liza Sahid, 1999.

Introduction

Between 13 and 14 February 1942, Singapore witnessed one of its fiercest battles ever known in her history. Amongst those who fought valiantly in that Battle for Pasir Panjang and lost their lives was a 27 year-old infantry officer, Lt. Adnan Saidi. Adnan Saidi and his 42-man contingent from the 1st and 2nd Battalion of the Malay Regiment fought fearlessly to defend Pasir Panjang Ridge. The ferocious fight put up by the Malay Regiment came for special mention in Lt.Gen. A.E. Percival's Despatch on the Operations of Malaya Command from 8 Dec 1941 to 15 Feb 1942:

"After two hours of heavy shelling and mortaring, the Japanese attacked the Malay Regiment which was holding Pasir Panjang Ridge. The latter fought magnificently, but suffered heavy casualties, and by afternoon the enemy had reached the Gap (Pasir Panjang Ridge)"

At this historic site, Singapore's last stand for defence was made in an epic 48-hour battle, culminating in the only (recorded) fiery hand-to-hand combat against the Japanese Army.

Early Life

Born 1915 at Kampung Sungei Ramal, Kajang, Selangor, Lt. Adnan Saidi was the eldest in his family. His younger siblings, Ahmad Saidi and Amarullah Saidi were soldiers too. Ahmad Saidi was killed in action after he joined the navy in 1939. The Japanese sank his ship, the HMS Pelanduk, enroute to Australia. The younger Mr. Amarullah Saidi survived the war and is now retired and resides in Kajang, Selangor.

Lt. Adnan Saidi received his education in Pekan Sungei Ramal in the English medium. He was a diligent student and excelled in his studies. Upon graduation, Adnan was chosen to be a trainee teacher and taught at his alma mater for over a year. Fate however had other plans for him. A firm man who took discipline seriously, Adnan Saidi chose instead to pursue the military vocation.

In 1933, when he was 18 years old, Adnan Saidi joined the Malay Regiment. A year later, he was chosen as best recruit. In 1936, Adnan was promoted to the rank of Sergeant - a promotion that came fast for a bright young soldier. In 1937, he was chosen to represent his platoon in a military ceremonial parade in London to honour the ascension of King George VI to the throne. Shortly thereafter, Adnan Saidi was promoted yet again to Company-Sergeant-Major and headed for Singapore for an officers' conversion course. Upon graduation as 2nd Lieutenant, Adnan Saidi became the leader of the 7th Platoon, 'C' Coy.

A Family Man

Upon his return from London, Lt. Adnan Saidi married a school teacher from his village. Madam Sophia Pakih Muda bore him three children: two sons, Mokhtar and Zainudin (now living in Seremban and Johore respectively), and a daughter. Youngest of the three siblings, the baby girl died in her early infancy shortly after Singapore fell.

Despite his hectic schedule as a career soldier, Lt. Adnan Saidi settled down quickly as a family man. He loved his boys and would always try to find time for his kids. He brought them for walks or played games with them. The games that he played with his boys were rough and rugged. Adnan wanted his sons to grow up tough. In an interview with Berita Harian (9 Sept `95), Mokhtar Adnan described his father as thus:

"My father did not talk a lot. He was a firm man and believed in discipline. He was always serious and fierce yet had a good heart. There seemed to be a 'light' illuminating his face."

In late 1941, Lt. Adnan Saidi was posted to Singapore and brought with him his family. They lived in a big house off Pasir Panjang, in an area reserved for the families of the Malay Regiment. When the rumblings of the war grew nearer and the Japanese began preparations to invade Singapore, Lt. Adnan sent his family back to their hometown in Kajang. It was a trying day for Lt. Adnan - his wife, Sophia was carrying their third child. The young boys kissed their father's hand and he reminded them to be good. It was to be their last time together.

Fire and Death on Opium Hill

The battle of Pasir Panjang is better known as the "Battle of Opium Hill". Opium Hill or Bukit Chandu in Malay, was named after an opium-processing factory which used to be at the foot of the hill. Fierce fighting had preceded days earlier. The battle-hardened Japanese soldiers of the famed 25th Army had rapidly overwhelmed strategic defensive positions in Singapore. Opium Hill demarcated the final defence perimeter. It was a key defence position in Singapore for two strategic reasons: it overlooked the island of Singapore to the north and second, if the Japanese gained control of the ridge, it gave them direct passage to Alexandra area. The British Army had its main ammunition and supply depots, military hospital and other key installations situated there. The stout defence of the ridge was therefore critical at any costs.

The defence of the ridge had been entrusted to the 'C' Coy. 'C' Coy was part of the 1st and 2nd Malay regiment which made up the 1st Malay Infantry Brigade, the British 2nd Loyals Regiment and the 44th Indian Brigade. On February 13 1942, the crack Chrysanthemum Division of the Japanese Imperial Army under Lt.Gen. Renya Mutaguchi turned their attention to the southern coastal part of Singapore - Pasir Panjang Ridge. On that morning, the ridge was heavily bombarded with aerial support, heavy mortar and artillery fire. 'C' Coy and Lt. Adnan Saidi were stationed at Pasir Panjang Village. The Japanese forces were forced to retreat in the face of stiff resistance from 'C' Coy. Adnan and his men had built a wall of defence for the Regiment in an area of highland, known as the Gap. Though greatly outnumbered, the Japanese troops under Major Kimura could not breach the Gap's defence perimeter.

At midnight, 14 February 1942, 'C' Coy received instructions to move to a new defence position - Pt. 226, Opium Hill. More soldiers were added to Adnan's regiment - 42 in all. After a careful area survey, Lt. Adnan Saidi ordered his men to further strengthen their wall of defence with sandbags. The hill was surrounded with sandbags.

In the early afternoon of 14 February, the Japanese launched a sneak attack. From Pepys Road leading uphill to Pt.226, Adnan Saidi observed a contingent of "Sikh soldiers" from the British-Indian Army approaching. Distinguishing himself yet again, Lt. Adnan's sharp eyes and quick mind noticed that something was amiss when he observed the troops in turbans, advancing in groups of fours instead the usual threes of the British Army. Seeing through the ruse, Lt. Adnan Saidi and his troops opened fire and mortally wounded about 20 soldiers at close range. The Japanese troops retreated.

Two hours later, the Japanese launched an all-out assault in great numbers. The attack overwhelmed Lt. Adnan Saidi and his troops. Greatly outnumbered and short on ammunition and supplies, the Malay Regiment fought its grisly battle to death.

Death of a Patriot

Fierce fighting followed on Opium Hill. All kinds of weapons was used, including grenades and automatic weapons. Lt. Adnan himself handled a Lewis gun. In many instances, the soldiers engaged in fierce hand-to-hand combat using their bayonets. Yet, they stood their ground frustrating their enemy. In the ensuing battle, men and officers fell. Adnan was mortally wounded yet refused to retreat and instead emboldened his men to fight to the last. It was this disregard of danger that inspired the company to stand up gallantly.

Tan Sri Dato' Mubin Sheppard, 86, an ex-officer and former POW, says of his friend the late Lt. Adnan:

"He was heavily outnumbered by the Japanese - they bombed him but he fought on fiercely and inflicted heavy losses on them. Adnan would have never surrendered under any circumstances. He was absolutely dedicated. In fact, just before fighting, he adopted a motto for his platoon, 'Biar putih tulang, jangan putih mata' - death before dishonour."

Corporal Yaakob, who won a Medal of Gallant subsequently, was one of the few who survived Opium Hill. In the chaos of the battle, he fell and landed on top of the bodies of the dead soldiers. He escaped death by laying motionless amongst the pile of the dead bodies and witnessed the gruesome death of Adnan Saidi. The triumphant enemies captured Lt. Adnan. Angered by his fierce battle resistance, the platoon leader was dragged and pushed into a gunnysack. The Japanese soldiers then hung him by his legs on a cherry tree. Angered by the death of their fellow comrades, the Japanese bayoneted him again and again. In some instances, his throat was slit repeatedly. In Corporal Yaakob's state of 'death', he witnessed these gruesome deeds. In the aftermath of the battle, no one was allowed to bring down his body for burial. No one dared. Some sources claimed that Lt. Adnan Saidi's mutilated body was burnt to ashes.

Years later, Haji Burhan Muslim, who had lived along Bukit Chandu, recalled going up the hill with his cousin few days after the battle. In one of the white bungalows that stood on the hill at Pepys Lane, he witnessed the dismembered bodies of Malay soldiers everywhere. In one of the rooms, laid the body of a Malay soldier. His throat had been slit several times. His uniform was soaked with blood. Judging from the badges he had on his uniform, Haji Burhan believed that he was a high-ranking officer. He felt that the body could have been that of Lt. Adnan Saidi.

Nightmare Continued

Adnan's family was informed of his death through a telegram. A few days earlier, Madam Sophia had delivered their third child. Shortly thereafter, the baby girl died.

The nightmare did not end there for Lt. Adnan's family. The Japanese began hunting down his family. A neighbour had warned that the Japanese were looking for Adnan Saidi's family. They were to be killed too. Worried that the Japanese would be able to track down his family, Mr. Amarullah Saidi had to give away his brother's photographs and belongings. No one dared to keep Lt. Adnan's belongings. Today, the only things of his father which Mokhtar Saidi has are three medals which were awarded to Adnan by the British.

In 1949, Madam Sophia became ill and passed away. Her sons were fostered out.

Kent Ridge Park

In 1995, a war memorial plaque at Vigilante Drive, Kent Ridge Park, was erected to honour the fighting spirit and patriotism of Lt. Adnan Saidi and his Malay Brigade.

Some however felt that the site of the plaque was not the exact spot of the battle. Haji Burhan Muslim, a former resident of Bukit Chandu, believes that the actual battle took place a kilometre away from Kent Ridge Park.

The heroic patriotism of Lt. Adnan Saidi will be hard to forget: etched on the main memorial column wall of the Kranji War Cemetery is No. 385 - "Lt. Adnan Saidi".

- By Liza Sahid

1999 Liza Sahid


Bibliography:

The Malay Regiment 1933-1947, Mubin Shephard, Malaysia 1955.

History of the Malay Regiment, 1933-1942, Ramli Dol, Journal of The Malayan Branch Royal Asiatic Society, 38.1.1965, pages 199-243.

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keturunan keluarga :)

Datu Ratu Upu Tandari Bureng Daeng Rilak
(Salasilah dari TUHFAT AL-NAFIS oleh Al-Marhum Raja Ali Al-Haji Riau 1932)

1.Upu Daeng Parani	1.Upu Daeng Menabon		3.Upu Daeng Marewah		4.Upu Daeng Chelak		5.Upu Daeng Kumasi
Upu Daeng Chelak ibni Upu Tandari Bureng Daeng Rilak + Tengku Mandak (Yamtuan Kedua Riau)
		1.Raja Haji		2.Raja Lumu (Sultan Salehuddin) Sultan Selangor I
Raja Lumu Sultan Salehuddin ibni Upu Daeng Chelak (Sultan Selangor I)
1.Sultan Ibrahim Sultan Selangor II		2.Raja Nala		3.Raja Punuh		4.Raja Sharifah
	Sultan Ibrahim ibni Sultan Salehuddin (Sultan Selangor II)
1.Sultan Muhamad	2.Raja Ismail		3.Raja Ahmad		4.Raja Yusof		5.Raja Siah
6.Raja Siti	7.Raja Aminah		8.Raja Fatimah		9.Raja Mariam		10.Raja Maimunah
11.Raja Khatijah	12.Raja Halijah		13.Raja Abdullah (Keturunan Sultan Selangor IV, V, VI dan sekarang)		14.Raja Haji		15.Raja Abd Rahman
16.Raja Abbas	17.Raja Salleh		18.Raja Hussin		19.Raja Usoh		20.Raja Hamidah
21.Raja Syed
Radin Zainal Abidin (Lebai Kahar) + Raja Mariam ibni Sultan Ibrahim
1.Penghulu Shamsudin		2.Hj Samad		4.Bilal Omar		5.Maduk
Bilal Omar bin Radin Zainal Abidin + ?
			1.Zabedah
Maarof bin Hj Nafiah + Zabedah bt Bilal Omar
1.Hamidah	2.Shukor		3.Hamid		4.Amil		5.Kabit
6.Syed	7.Muhamad		8.Diah		9.Jemah
Amil bin Maarof + Asmah (Isteri-1)				Amil bin Maarof + Zaleha (Isteri-2)
1.Hj Ismail bin Amil		2.Hjh Asiah bt Amil		1.Md Diah bin Amil		2.Md Latif bin Amil
. Hjh Asiah bt Amil + Hj aksan bin Hj Ali
1.Hjh Aminah	2.Hjh Hamidah		3.Hafsah		4.Hashimah		5.Hasbiah
6.Umikalsom	7.Khairi

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